Effect of some Ecological Factors on Quantity and Quality of the Essential Oils of Zhumeria majdae

Zhumeria majdae Rech.f. & Wendelbois the medicinal, endomic and endangered plant that has been distributed in the south of Iran. This plant is seen on very sharp slope of mountains at 520-1450 meters altitude of sea level. It has noticed by natives and is used for digestion painful as swelling, diarrhea, stomatchache and coolness. In this research, the leaves of plant and soil samples were collected from different localities (Geno, Sarchahan and Tangezagh mounts). The plant materials were hydri-distilled in order to obtain their essential oils. The oils were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. The results showed that with increasing of  height, Ca+², Mg+², HCO3¯,  Na+, EC, O.C.%, sand% contents and also with decreasing of rainfall, moisture, temperature, K+and neutralized materials, oil yield and componentnumber of essential oils of Z. majdae would have decreased. Constituents as Linalool, Limonene, α-Pinene, Octan-3-one, Myrcene, Terpinolene and trans-Linalool oxide will increased and constituents as Camphor, Geraniol, Neral, Geranial, Thymul, Terpinene, β-Elemene, β- Bizabulene will decreased. Therefore, height is effective on quantity and quality of the essential oils of Z.majdae.